Totally NOT Late Snow Day Blog

Totally NOT Late Snow Day Blog
By Yufan Lu
I live in an apartment complex in Johnston (with Jimmy).

I will measure the work required to move the snow on the parking lot in front of my apartment.
Length of the parking lot  42.7 m
Width of the parking lot 14.2 m
Height of the snow 0.3 m
Density of the snow 500 kg/m^3 (it really varies)
This means that there is approximately 182 m^3 of snow that weights 91000 kg.
Wow that is around 1000 Yufan
Such heavy

Anyway all snow is pushed to the edge. Like this:

So snows are pushed 7.1 m average.
Force to move the snow = mg = 891800N
Work required 7.1*891800 = 6331780 J

There's No Business Like Snow Business

I live in a large apartment complex, so on snow days, most of the snow gets plowed.  

However, we have to shovel out our own parking spaces, so for this assignment, I

determined the work it takes for me to shovel out a parking space filled with snow.  

First, I measured the length and width of the parking space, as well as the depth of the snow.  

After, I shoveled some of the snow to determine how high I lift it.

Length: 5.334 m

Width: 2.667 m

Snow Depth: 0.254 m

Height Lifted:  0.6858 m

After doing some research on www.accuweather.com, I found 10 cm of snow is equal to 1 cm of rain, and 1 cubic cm is
equal to 1 mL.  Using this, I determined the mass of snow in the parking lot.

V = 5.334 * 2.667 * 0.254 = 3.613 m3 of snow = 0.3613 m3 of water

Since 1 cubic meter = 1000 L, 0.3613 m3 = 361.3L of water.

According to www.convert-to.com, 1 L water = 1 kg, so 361.3 L water = 361.3 kg.

Then, I used the formula W = U = mgh in order to determine the amount of work it takes
to clear out the parking space.

W = U = 361.3 * 9.8 * 0.6858 = 2428 J

Working in the Snow (Kind of)

Working in the Snow!

I live in a rural part of Cranston, and my driveway is very long and made of gravel. Due to the gravel we cannot have a snowblower and our driveway is too long to be shoveled. 

[Here is a picture for reference]

Instead we get our driveway plowed by a truck, which goes much faster than shoveling. In order to calculate the work of a snowplow there were a few estimations I had to make first:

Length of Driveway: ~ 100 meters
Width of Driveway: ~ 6 meters

Amount of Snow: ~ 13 inches or 0.3302 meters

Weight of snow: ~ 320. 369 kg per cubic meter

Speed of truck: ~ 10 mph or 4.44 meters per second

Width of plow: ~ 2.5 meters

Diagram of snow on driveway:

Total mass of snow = 186.2 x 320.4 = 59620.5 kg

Total force required to move = 59620.5 x 9.8 = 584,281 N

Total Displacement of the snow = average of 2 meters for each drive (to edge of driveway)

Work of the snowplow = F x d = 584281 x 2 = 1,168,562.04 J

If the snowplow is covering 4.4 meters per second that means that it would be covering an area of 4.44 x 2.5 square meters which is 11.1 meters each second. The total area is 563.9 so the time spent plowing would be 563.9 / 11.1 which is about 50 seconds. 

Power = Work / Time = 1168562.04 / 50 = 23,002.4 watts or 30.8 horsepower

In conclusion, the snowplow had significantly more power than I could have, which made the job go very quickly and was relatively easy. My family and I still went outside and enjoyed the snow throughout the storm.

This Is So Much Work...

Snow Blowing A Driveway

How much work is it actually?

❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄

Since my town got so much snow, no ordinary shovel could help my dad and I complete the arduous task of clearing our driveway. Therefore, we had no other option but to bring out the snow blower. Although it seems like considerably less work than having to shovel, there is work being done regardless, both by my dad on the snow blower, and the snow blower on the snow. 

1. Work Done by My Dad on the Snow Blower

Since the snow blower is on wheels, this approximation is way over the actual amount of work done by my dad. Also, this approximation only covers 1 strip of driveway, so the actual amount of work would be multiplied by 15 to cover the entire area. 

(Dimensions of my driveway are 25x30 ft, or 7.6x9.1 m)

2. Work Done by the Snow Blower on the Snow

This particular snow blower can clear 6 - 12 inches of snow at a time, and shoots it up to 12 meters away. By setting the snow in motion, it gives the snow kinetic energy, essentially doing work on it. 

To determine the change in kinetic energy (the work), I will have to approximate the weight of the snow being blown at any given moment, and determine its x-velocity by assuming that it is traveling the maximum 12 meters over the time it is in the air.

W = ΔKE = 1/2(m)(v^2) - 0

m ≅ 5.4 kg

v = 12m/1.5s = 8 m/s

W = 172.8 J (at any given instant)

Toro SnowMaster 724 QXE

❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄

Sources:

https://www.toro.com/en/homeowner/snow-blowers/snowmaster-724-qxe-36002

https://socratic.org/physics/forces-and-newtons-laws/frictional-forces/determining-the-static-coefficient-of-friction-between-tires-and-snow

Working Hard or Hardly Working

Winter Storm Skylar

Living in one of the most North parts of Rhode Island can lead to a lot of snow that needs to be removed from the driveway. Over the past couple of days, this was especially true with winter storm Skylar dropping 18 inches of snow into our yard. Luckily, we own a snow blower which makes the clearing process much easier. However, due to the snowblower's limited height capacity, it is of utmost importance that the snow doesn't pile up too much rendering the snowblower useless. This is why my dad and I snow-blow our driveway multiple times throughout the storm.

To more closely examine how much work is done in clearing the driveway, I measured the dimensions and height of the snow before we went out and cleared the snow for a second time.

Length of Driveway: 52 ft 4 inches or 15.95 Meters

Width of Driveway: 21 ft or 6.4 Meters

Height of Snow: 5.5 inches or .14 Meters

During the storm my car was parked in the driveway so this must be subtracted from the work of the snowblower.

Length of Car: 15 ft or 4.57 Meters

Width of Car: 6 ft or 1.87 Meters

By doing some research, I found that snow weighed about .16 grams per cubic centimeter

Total weight of snow: 2,282.11 kg

Weight of Snow on car: 191.46 kg

This means that there was a total of  2090.65 kg of snow moved by the snowblower.
Total Time: 10.5 Minutes

Calculating the Work Done By Snowblower

To calculate the work of the snowblower, I will use the formula:

W =ΔKe

I already know the mass of the snow so now I just need to find the velocity that the snowblower shot the snow at. The snowblower shot the snow an average of  12 ft or 3.65 meters in about 1.5 seconds at an average angle of 45 degrees. 

Vx = D / t

Vx = 2.433 m/s

Cos θ = adjacent / hypotenuse

Velocity = 2.433 / cos(45) =

3.441 m/s

W = .5 * 2,282 * 3.441^2 - 0

W = 12,377.2 J

Therefore, the snowblower did 12,377.2 Joules of work to clear the snow. 

Overall, this is a lot of work that I am thankful I did not have to do by hand. While it may be annoying to have to go out multiple times during the storm, it is much easier than using a shovel to clear the driveway. While, there were parts that the snowblower couldn't reach, it was easy to grab a shovel and move the rest aside. This may seem like a lot of work but, thanks to our snowblower, I was hardly working. 

Works Cited 

“Volume to Weight Conversion.” Volume to Weight Conversions for Common Substances and Materials, www.aqua-calc.com/calculate/volume-to-weight.

All Work and Snow Play

Living in the city can make snow removal interesting.  By interesting, I mean there are many cement surfaces to clear and few places to put the snow.  To remove the snow, my parents and I shovel as much snow onto the back lawn with the remaining snow going on the edge of the sidewalk.  Occasionally we borrow my grandfather's snowblower, but for this storm we shoveled the snow.

Here are some pictures of the areas we had to clear.  In these pictures, my dad had already gone out and shoveled (because he's impatient).

Calculating Work

Volume

To calculate the work my family did to remove the snow, the volume of the snow we moved had to be calculated.  These measurements will be obtained from the online property card for my house and satellite imagery.

According to the online property card for my house, the back patio has an area of 156 square feet, or 14.5 square meters.  The driveway has a length of 43 feet, and a width of about 9 feet.  This translates to an area of 36.0 square meters.

The remaining area that must be shoveled is the sidewalk, which has an length of 35 feet (adding up the length of my house and the width of the driveway) and a width of about 10 feet.  This means the sidewalk has an area of about 32.5 square meters.

The last thing that needs to be factored in is the two cars parked in the driveway, each having an area 8.78 square meters.

In all, the area the snow covered was:

14.5 + 36.0 + 32.5 - 2(8.78) = 65.4 square meters

According to weather reports, Providence received 12.3" of snow, or 0.31 meters.  Therefore, the volume of snow in total that had to be moved was 20.3 cubic meters.

Mass and Volume of a Shovelful

The next thing that needs to be calculated is the volume of one shovelful.

One shovelful is about 12 inches by 18 inches in area with an average height of about 5 inches, which calculates out to 0.0177 cubic meters.

According to this website, the density of settled snow is between 200 and 300 kg/m³.  For argument's sake, I will use a density of 250 kg/m³.  Therefore, using the density formula, the mass of one shovelful 4.425 kg.

Work of One Shovelful
Using the formula W = mgh, the work done to lift snow 3 feet, which is about how far one vertically moves snow with each shovelful.

W = mgh = (4.425)(9.8)(0.91) = 39.5 Joules

Total Work
To calculate total work, we must multiply the work of one shovelful by the number to shovelfuls needed to move all the snow in my yard.  If each shovelful can move about 0.0177 cubic meters of snow, and there is a total of 20.3 cubic meters, using division the estimated number of shovelfuls needed to move all the snow would be 1147! (yikes!)  According to those calculations, the total work done my entire family to move all the snow is:

W_Total = 39.5(1146) = 45302 J = 45.3 kJ


Time Lapse
Here's a time-lapse of me shoveling.  It came out blurry thanks to a Ziploc bag.  It worked to keep my phone dry, but not to keep the video clear.

sNOw DAYS OFF

Working Hard, or Hardly Working?

This week was supposed to be my relaxed week. I just finished my indoor season at nationals this past weekend. So, no running, no exercise for a week! What makes this week even better is that we got a snow day so I had more of an excuse to do nothing. But, knowing that my cars (and physics grade) depended on it, I got the motivation to go clear my driveway.

We have a snowblower, so we used that for the majority of our clearing. However, there were some stubborn piles of snow that we attacked with the shovel.

How much work would we have done if we shoveled all of it? We had to move the snow off of the driveway. There was about 10 inches of snow (.254 m) when we went out. Our driveway is 20 m x 10 m. On average, newly fallen snow is around 100 kg per cubic meter. There was 50.8 meters cubed of snow on the driveway. Multiplied by the density, the total mass of this snow was 5080 kg.

Let's assume we moved the snow an average of 15 m. Some blocks moved more than this, but some were less. The force we applied to the snow to move it was at least that of its weight, 5080*9.8= 49,784 N. Moving it 15 meters, it takes 746,760 J to move all that snow. This might be on the conservative side, because we actually applied more than the force of gravity to the snow (in order for it to accelerate)

All I can say is, bless whoever made snowblowers. That is too many joules for me. Apparently, 746,760 J is 178 kilo calories. So in order to shovel the whole driveway, I could have burned off two tablespoons of peanut butter. Or I can just eat the peanut butter anyways and resume my Netflix binge watching, and let the snowblower do all the hard work.

Here is some bonus footage of me shoveling some snow that the blower couldn't get to.

Outdoors Winter Shelter

Snow Fort in the Woods

Materials:
Snow
Small buckets
Shovel
Sticks
Plastic lined table cloth


Creation:
For this assignment I went out into my backyard and looked for a place to build a shelter. The first spot that I chose Did not have much to work with so I eventually settled on a low tree branch surrounded by some tall grasses. I first tied the corners of my piece of plastic onto the tree branch. I buried the other end of the plastic in snow. I used some buckets to make "bricks" of snow that I stacked up along the back and side. The snow was very dry and kept falling over on the wall side so I used sticks to complete that wall.

Ideally I would've used enough sticks to completely cover that side, but I did not want to kill too many plants. For the floor I used dried leaves to keep out the moisture from the snow. This shelter is only 1/4 of the size that I would have liked to have made it, but the plastic that I had was not big enough to make it full sized. I could just about fit my whole body inside if I laid sideways, but it definitely would not fit 2 people. The wind was very strong outside but the shelter's location in the woods as well as protection along the windiest sides made it pretty well protected from the outside elements.

The introduction of Eskimo

The first thing comes up to people's mind about Eskimo is their ice house. The stable house which made of ice gave the people a warm place to live. If you haven't seen an ice house, it just looks like that.

Very impressive, isn't it?
Today, it is our honor to invite two native Eskimos to Rhode Island for showing us how to make an ice house.
Right now, let us introduce our valued guests; both of them have a traditional Eskimo name -- Yufan, Yuhang.
Rhode Island recently had a big storm, so we got a lot of material that we need.
Here is the material they need: 1.5 pair of gloves(Yuhang lost one), a shovel, and snow.
Firstly, Yufan and Yuhang choose a stable snow pile which won't collapse while they build a snow house.
Secondly, both of them use their own efforts to dig a hole in the snow pile. It sounds easy, but as Yuhang says it took him 2 years to learn the skill of digging a hole. "you need to make sure you have a small entrance but a big space inside." said by Yufan.

Yuhang is digging the hole.
What is the house looks like at the end?




















Yuhang is enjoying his new warm house in Rhode Island.

The Official Snow Hole of Democratic People's Republic of Korea

The two elite engineers of North Korea, Yufan and Yuhang were given the order of building a strategically important fortress in the United States. Due to the party's current shortage of resources, they were given no materials aid. However, they have something that is stronger than any steel-- their unshakable faith in the supreme leader. So they worked hard, from dawn to dusk and behold! the majestic ice castle!

In reality though

This engineering feat may appear to be small but its inside is actually quite large. Its inner volume is about 1.5*1.5*1 meter^3. You can absolutely fit one person in and uncomfortably fit in another one. We used 

• snow and ice
• a sheet of paper as floor(due to the lack of plastic)
• spegaties (as we know are completely natural)

(in construction)

(in construction)

(Inside)

Look, I know this is not much especially when comparing to the other shelters but come on guys, the snow is basically ice at this point and all we had were bear hands and a brush. And isn't the journey that mattered and not the destination? While constructing this shelter, we have found something that is much more important--friendship. In the end, both Jimmy and I have found out that, the real shelter was inside our hearts all along.

-The End-

Igloo Shelter

When tasked with building a shelter using only natural materials, my initial thinking was a snow fort (especially with the impending blizzard.  However, my concern was that the snow would be too powdery to make a snow fort of some sort.

After spending the first day out in the storm shoveling, I decided to test out the snow on Friday.  Much to my excitement, it was not too powdery and was igloo-ready.  My friend Erin contacted me about making an igloo per our annual tradition, and the opportunity seemed perfect for fulfilling both the tradition and the physics blog!

Overhead view of igloo

Materials

• Snow shovels (1 small, 1 large)

• Snow (lots of it)

• Sheet of plastic (I didn't have one, but one could easily be added as a floor or door covering)

ProcessWe chose to build the igloo in Erin's backyard, as the wind had created a large snow drift (I meant to take a before picture, but I forgot).  From there, we moved more snow onto the drift, and then we began carving out the igloo.  The door location was chosen in the opposite direction of the wind to avoid heavy gusts inside.

The first entrance created into the igloo.

We created a small area inside, and then created our first tunnel, since the snow drift naturally made one easy.  We each worked from both ends and met in the middle.  The tunnel is about 10 feet long and tall enough to crawl comfortably inside it.  We also expanded the area near the entrance to be a larger room where you can sit upright easily.

Tunnel 1

After a quick break, we further expanded the main room and created the second tunnel, which extends in a different direction.  This was not that hard as well thanks to a snow drift formed there.

Tunnel 2

By that time, it was too cold and too late to do anything more, and we were both satisfied with the igloo.  A sheet of plastic could be added to block a door or line the floor, however it felt warm when working inside the igloo, and the wind did not get to us.

Me inside the main area of the igloo

Video

Snow Shelter

Almost every year my brothers and I build a snow fort when we have a snow day. After receiving this assignment, I was so excited that our snow-building skills would be coming in handy!  

Materials:

• Two shovels
• Sticks and tree branches
• Lots of snow!

Construction:

Since I live in an apartment, there wasn’t really a good place to build a shelter near me. So after enlisting the help of my brother Rob, we went to my aunt's house to build the shelter. We found a large snow bank at the top of her driveway that was composed of snow that had been pushed up by a plow, and decided to use this as a base for the shelter.  We started by digging a cave on one side of the snow bank.  Once we got fairly deep, I went to the other side and dug a cave where the exit would be, while Rob continued on the first entrance.  We switched sides several times, going back and forth between them until we broke through and met in the middle. After that, all that was left was to make the space bigger and cleaner.  We dug a path around the outside so both entrances could be reached easily without having to go through the cave every time.  We also found sticks by a cluster of trees near her house and used these to add a little decoration to the cave.  If I had had a tarp, I would have used it to create a floor for the shelter and pinned it up on either end to cover the openings.  However, even without this tarp, the shelter was fairly warm on the inside and did a good job of keeping out the wind.  It was big enough to fit both myself and my brother, and probably could have fit another person as well.  We really had fun building it and I was impressed to see what could be done with just snow!

Final Product:

A tour of the shelter.

A closer look at the inside of the shelter.

Rob and I in the shelter.

Snow Fort

A Snow Fort Ready for a Fight

Materials:

Shovel

3 Sticks

10 x 10 foot tarp

A lot of snow

Construction:

Picking a Location:

The first step in any construction project is picking the location. In the case of a snow fort, this location must be one that has plenty of snow in order to create the structure. In addition to this access to snow, it is preferable that the location is on the side of a hill or a spot where a mound of snow has already been built up. This will make it easier to construct since parts of the structure will already be done. 

For my snow fort. I decided to create it on the side of a hill since there were not any large snow piles that I could utilize that were near my house. The hill I chose was backed by a large rock face that I could use as 1 of the 4 sides that I needed to make the structure.

Before:

Building up the Walls:
After deciding on a location, I began building up the three walls I needed to enclose the area. I started by doing a basic layout of the structure without little snow piles. Once the area was marked and I had made a decision on where I wanted the door, I began shaping the piles into walls that I could pile more snow on top of. While the bottoms of the walls did not take much time at all to make, it became exponentially harder as a tried to make them taller. Eventually, I built them up to an adequate height of about 3.5 ft and started mounting the tarp.

Mounting the Tarp:
In order to mount the tarp, I found 3 sticks in the woods that I could use to allow the tarp to sit on in the front of the structure. Then, I tied two corners of the tarp to the trees that were on the top of the rock face so that the tarp would not be blown away by the wind. Next, I placed the tarp over the three sticks, allowing it to fall, covering the rest of the structure. Finally, I took the two remaining corners of the tarp and buried them in the snow to secure the tarp in place.

After:

Outside:

Inside:

Snow Fort "Fun"

A Shelter From the Cold

Julia Pimentel

_______________________________________________________________

Materials:

1. Snow shovel
2. 10 x 5 piece of plastic
3. 18 inch piece of wood
4. Lots of snow

Construction:

I went outside around 1:00 p.m. so as to expose myself to the "warm" temperature of the day which was a cozy 13℉ . As I looked around my backyard, however, I realized not much natural material was available to me, so I settled for using a piece of plastic. I decided I would drape this plastic over a low hanging branch, using the snow to pack it in and keep it in place.

After battling the wind to get the plastic over the branch, I began to stabilize it by packing snow up on either side of the tarp, curving the snow up and outward from the inside to maximize the interior space. There were also small gaps between the plastic and the tree trunk so I had to pack snow up all the way to the top in these places. I then noticed that the plastic was moving too much in the wind, so I decided to use a small piece of wood to prop it up, once again using the snow to keep the wood and plastic in place. Lastly, I used the remainder of the plastic as flooring.

The majority of this process was devoted to evening out the amount of snow on each side of the plastic sheet so as to maintain sturdiness and balance. I also had to keep readjusting the plastic to give it enough tension to prevent it from flapping around in the wind.

Final Product:

Inside -

Outside -

Additional Comments:

The fort which I constructed is 1 x 1 yd., which is enough for my small self to fit in, but is 1/4 of the size that I would actually like it to be. Also, as you can see, the entrance allows for a lot of exposure to the cold, but if I had had more resources I would have liked to stack branches and pack them in with snow to close some of that gap off. 

Overall, my fort did a good job at keeping out the wind and cold as I was surprisingly comfortable and warm when I went to sit inside of it. I also enjoyed that I could lean against the trunk for support and could see the sky through the clear plastic.

^^ Me being warm in my shelter ^^

Snow Shelter

Construction

I went outside and tested the snow. It was extremely dry and very bad for snowballs/making snow forts. It does not stick together because it is too cold outside. So I knew that I really had to find my shelter instead of making it. There's a big bush outside my office window, so I thought between the bush and the house would be sheltered from the wind. I was correct, it provided good shelter from the 60mph gusts from the blizzard. 

The first thing (and only thing) I did was shovel the bottom of the shelter. The leaves I uncovered provide the floor. The walls are from my house and the bush, and the bush mostly covers the ceiling. It fits about 2 people. I would have used some sticks, but there was about a foot of snow on the ground where we keep our kindling so that was a no go. 

Final Product:

Here it is from the inside:

And this is from the outside. You can barely tell there is a shelter there!

Rolling Tennis Ball

It is the last day of winter break. But for Yufan, it was not a break at all. After approximately 20 college essays and a self-portrait later, Yufan is now confronted by his greatest fear-- Physics blog. So he walks out of his house with a tennis ball, a meter long ruler, a phone, and his friend Jimmy. He decides to do a mini lab right in front of his apartment. Why so close to his apartment you ask? Because he is only wearing pajama pants and it is really cold outside. He puts on his Christmas hat and pretends that he had a good Christmas when in fact his family does not celebrate such holiday and the only gift he received is a portrait that he drew for himself. That portrait is, in fact, an art homework so he was technology forced to do so and can't even keep it. Anyway, the lab is rather simple. The first step is to measure a meter long distance on the ground from the wall. Then, roll the tennis ball so it hits the wall and bounces back. While doing so, measure the time for the ball to hit the wall, and the time for it to travel back to its initial position. Afterward, calculate the speed of the tennis ball before and after hitting the wall. Last but not the least use the function 1/2mv^2 to calculate the ball's kinematic energy before and after.

What Yufan looks like on the outside

How Yufan feels inside

The lab in process

Anyway here is the data

Time spent to travel 1 meter before hitting the wall: 2.15s.
Time spent to travel 1 meter after hitting the wall: 4.3s.

Speed of traveling 1 meter before hitting the wall:0.465m/s

Speed of traveling 1 meter after hitting the wall: 0.243m/s

Result: 

About 0.00457 joules of energy is lost in the ball.

With Great Powder Comes Great Responsibility

The Physics Behind the Age Old Snowball Fight

The Breakdown of a snowball

Have you ever wondered how thousands of microscopic flakes of frozen water could stick together to be launched through the air at high velocities?  Or how about the fact that the colder it gets, the harder it is to craft a snowball. Well the reason behind these two things has to do with the key ingredient of a snow ball: water. Water is unique in the fact that it is more dense in its liquid form than its solid form. This allows for the snow to be compressed and welded into a ball. What really happens during this process is that as the snow is compressed by the holder, the pressure exerted on the ball melts the snow into its liquid state of water. When released, the water refreezes fusing itself together with the other snow around it. This is the reason why a snowball cannot be made on a really cold day; there is no presence of liquid water to allow the snow to be compressed so that it can stick to the other snowflakes. 

Collision of a Snowball

The collision of a snowball can range from perfectly inelastic to just inelastic depending on the object it is hitting. If it happens to hit something like another pile of snow, it may combine with it to form a new object. This would be a perfectly inelastic collision. However, this would be very unlikely since snowballs usually fall apart on contact. Therefore, it would result in just a inelastic collision that would fall in a rather large range depending on the circumstances. 

The Experiment

Part 1: Projectile Motion of the snowball

The overall motion of the snowball was right and downwards. This is due to the forces that were acting on the ball while it was in the air. The first, gravity caused it to move downwards. The second, air resistance, caused the ball to slow down in the x direction. 

Velocity VS Time of the Snowball

Velocity of Snowball before collision with target:

10.127 m/s

Part 2: Collision With Target

Calculating Final Velocities of Snowball and Target

Mass of Snowball: .028kg

Mass of Target: .168 kg

Initial Velocity: 10.127 m/s

Change in height of Frisbee = .21844 m

Velocity of Frisbee after collision

1/2 m v^2 = mgh

1/2 * v^2 = 9.8 * .21844

Final Velocity of Frisbee = 2.06916 m/s

m1 * v1i + m2*v2i  = m1 * v1f + m2*v2f

.028 * 10.127 + 0 = .028 * v1f + .168 * 2.06916

.283556 = .028 * v1f + .347619

v1f = -.06406/.028

Final Velocity of Snowball = -2.28796 m/s

Sources

https://cos.northeastern.edu/news/the-physics-of-a-snowball/

https://www.wired.com/2010/12/snowball-physics/

https://www.inverse.com/article/23379-perfect-snowball-physics-pressure-melt